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BK (Minor Suing through his Father & Next Friend DKK) v Mwashi (Civil Appeal 118 of 2017) [2023] KEHC 3167 (KLR) (30 March 2023) (Ruling)
Neutral citation:
[2023] KEHC 3167 (KLR)
Republic of Kenya
Civil Appeal 118 of 2017
TM Matheka, J
March 30, 2023
Between
BK (Minor Suing through his Father & Next Friend DKK)
Applicant
and
Machanga Mwashi
Respondent
Ruling
1.Vide the Notice of Motion dated June 25, 2021 brought pursuant to Article 159(1)(d) of the Constitution of Kenya 2010,Order 12 Rule 7 & Order 51 Rule1 of the Civil Procedure Rules 2010 and Section 3 and 3A of the Civil Procedure Act, the Appellant/Applicant is seeking for orders;
2.The Application is premised on grounds that the Applicant was aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment in Nakuru CMCC No 595 of 2012 delivered on August 14, 2017 and has preferred this appeal; that due to no fault of the Appellant and after persistent follow ups at the registry, the appellant is yet to be furnished with the typed proceedings in the lower court file; that neither the applicant nor his advocate received a notice to show cause why the appeal should not be dismissed for want of prosecution before the same was dismissed; that this Honourable Court has wide and unfettered discretion to set aside orders when justice so demands; that the appellant herein has always been desirous of prosecuting the appeal and as is exhibited by their continuous efforts in trying to acquire certified proceedings and decree to enable him file the appeal; that in addition to the foregoing and upon requesting the court to list this matter for mention for purpose of taking directions, it became apparent that the appeal herein was dismissed for want of prosecution on March 11, 2020; that the appellant/applicant is bound to suffer irreparable loss unless the orders sought are granted as he will be condemned unheard; and that it is only fair and just that the order dismissing appeal be set aside and the matter be admitted for hearing on merit.
3.The Application is supported by the affidavit of DKK sworn on June 25, 2021 reiterating the above grounds.
4.The application is opposed through his Replying Affidavit sworn on October 29, 2021. It is his position that the Application is incompetent, misconceived, bad in law, made in bad faith and is meant to delay the delivery of justice and ought to be struck out. Further that on merit of the application, a matter stands dismissed where after two years no steps have been taken to prosecute it and thus there is no need for service of a notice to show cause upon the applicant before dismissing the matter.
5.He deposed further that, the applicant has not brought any new evidence or advanced any sufficient reason to warrant the setting aside of the orders made dismissing the appeal and that the delay in prosecuting the appeal against the judgment delivered on August 14, 2017 upto the time March 11, 2021 when the appeal was dismissed is unreasonable, unmerited and incurable.
6.It was his averment that the length of time since the matter was dismissed on March 11, 2021 to when this application was made is unreasonable and clearly shows that the applicant lost desire to prosecute the matter.
7.He averred that setting aside of an order of the court is an act of judicial discretion and that the applicant does not deserve it as he and his advocate have shown a laxity in prosecuting this appeal; that the Applicant has not demonstrated the loss he will suffer if orders sought are not granted and whilest on his part he will be greatly prejudiced if the orders sought are granted as he will continue being in distress considering the matter has been in court since the year 2012.
8.He prayed for dismissal of this Application with costs.
9.The application was canvassed through Written Submissions.
Applicant’s Written Submissions
10.The Applicant reiterated the contents of his Supporting Affidavit. He submitted that the appeal was dismissed on March 11, 2021 without service of the dismissal notice upon him/his advocate and denying him the opportunity to explain the reasons for the delay; that he is desirous of prosecuting his appeal and delay in compiling the record of appeal has been occasioned by delay in obtaining certified typed proceedings; that it is only fair and just that the orders sought herein be granted and appeal be reinstated for hearing on merit.
11.He referred this court to the provisions of Order 9B Rule 8 of the Civil Procedure Rules and submitted that this court has discretion to grant the orders sought, He relied on :-1.Shah vs Mbogo (1967) EA 166 referred to in the case of Securicor Courier (K) Ltd vs Owino [1993] eKLR where it was stated that;2.Lucy Bosire vs Kehancha Div. Land dispute Tribunal & 2 Others (2013) eKLR where it was stated that, the court in exercising its discretion should always opt for the lower rather than higher risk of injustice.3.CMC Holdings Ltd vs Nzioki [2004] KLR 173 where the court held that:-4.John Nahashon Mwangi vs Kenya Finance Bank Limited (in liquidation) [2015] eKLR where the court stated that Article 50 and 159 of the Constitution 2010 desire to serve substantive justice to all the parties and constitute the defined principles which would guide the court in making a decision on such a matter of reinstatement of a suit which has been dismissed.
12.The Applicant argued that the principles governing the setting aside of an order for dismissal of a suit for want of prosecution are enunciated in the case of Utalii Transport Company Limited & 3 others vs Nic Bank Limited & another [2014] eKLR. These principles are:1)Whether there has been inordinate delay on the part of the Plaintiffs in prosecuting the case;2)Whether the delay is intentional, contumelious and, therefore, inexcusable;3)Whether the delay is an abuse of the court process;4)Whether the delay gives rise to substantial risk to fair trial or causes serious prejudice to the Defendant;5)What prejudice will the dismissal occasion to the plaintiff?6)Whether the plaintiff has offered a reasonable explanation for the delay;7)Even if there has been delay, what does the interest of justice dictate: lenient exercise of discretion by the court?
13.The applicant submitted that the delay was not occasioned by him but rather the court as it is yet to supply him with certified typed proceedings and that such delay is excusable and does not amount to an abuse of the court process.
14.He further submitted that the said delay has prejudiced him and will continue to do so if this application is disallowed. That dismissing a suit without hearing him was tantamount to being condemned unheard which is contrary to the rules of natural justice.
15.He urged this court to exercise its discretion in his favour and stated that he is willing to abide by the conditions set by this court.
Respondent’s Submissions
16.The respondent framed three issues for determination.i.Whether there was proper notice to show causeii.Whether there was delay and whether it is excusableiii.Will setting aside be prejudicial to the respondent?
17.On the issue of Notice to Show Cause the respondent submitted that Order 17 Rule 2(1) of the Civil Procedure Rules grants this court power to dismiss a suit in which no action has been taken for one year. That pursuant to this provision the court is required to give notice to the concerned party to show cause why the matter should not be dismissed for want of prosecution and if no cause is shown to the satisfaction of the court the court may dismiss the suit as it did in this matter.
18.He submitted that in Kestem Company Ltd vs Ndala Shop Limited & 2 others [2018] eKLR the court held that Order 17 rule 2(1) of the Civil Procedure Rules does not require a court to serve notice as it uses the word “give notice” and therefore the court may give notice of dismissal through its official website or through cause list.
19.The respondent submitted that in this matter the court gave the Notice of Dismissal of the suit through its website and cause list prepared.
20.The respondent submitted that this court should apply the test that matters should be disposed off expeditiously and that justice is served to all parties.
21.On whether there was delay and whether it was excusable the respondent submitted that there had been inordinate delay on the part of the applicant in prosecuting this matter as he took no steps for 6 years to prosecute the appeal from the time he filed it in 2014 and a further 2 years to seek set aside the dismissal order.
22.That the applicant had the choice to file a supplementary record of appeal even as he awaited the typed proceedings in order to compile a full record. That having not done so is an indication that he is not desirous to have the matter heard and determined.
23.On whether he will suffer prejudice the respondent submitted that that the delay of 8 years has not been satisfactorily explained by the applicant and that delay is a source of prejudice to him as it affects the fair administration of justice as envisaged under Article 47 of the Constitution and is contrary to the provisions of Article 159 which requires expeditious disposal of matters.
24.The respondent urged this court to be persuaded by the holding in the case of Jacob Njeru Karuku vs Njagi Njuguna [2021] eKLR in which the court dismissed a similar application for lack of merit.
Analysis And Determination
25.The only issue for determination is whether or not this court should set aside the order dismissing the Appellant’s appeal issued on March 11, 2020 and reinstate it for hearing and determination on merit.
26.The appeal was dismissed under Order 42, Rule 35(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules and not Order 17 Rule (2)(1) which parties herein have cited.
27.The said Order 42, Rule 35(2) states;
28.Pursuant to the above provision the Deputy registrar issued a dismissal notice to advocates for both parties herein. The said notice is dated February 26, 2020 wherein the matter was to be mentioned on March 11, 2020. However, from the face of this notice, it is apparent that only the advocate for the Respondent was served with it. There is no evidence therefore that the Applicant or his advocate was aware of the same.
29.On March 11, 2020 there was no appearance by either the Appellant or the Respondent and this court proceeded to dismiss the matter for want of prosecution.
30.The Applicant filed his Memorandum of Appeal on September 14, 2017 and has never prosecuted this Appeal to date. He has attributed the delay in prosecuting the appeal and listing it for direction to delay in obtaining certified typed proceedings despite efforts to do so. He has attached letters dated May 18, 2021 requesting for proceedings to enable him pursue the appeal and one dated April 29, 2021 requesting this matter to be listed for directions. It is clear from the date of these letters that they were written long after the Appeal was dismissed.
31.It is further apparent that the Appellant/Applicant upon filing the appeal did not take any steps to prosecute the same. The Court of Appeal decision in Cecilia Wanja Waweru vs Jackson Wainaina Muiruri & Another [2014] eKLR held:-
32.Further in Mwangi S Kimenyi vs Attorney General & Another, Civil Suit Misc No 720 of 2009 it was held:-
33.The appellant filed his appeal on September 14, 2017. For 3 years 6 months he did nothing until the appeal was dismissed on March 11, 2020. They filed this application on July 7, 2021, one year 4 months after the appeal was dismissed. It is evident that efforts to obtain the proceedings the applicant is talking about as the main cause of the delay began long after the dismissal of the appeal. This is not the conduct of a person desirous of prosecuting his issue. It is not the conduct of a person deserving the discretion of this court. The applicant has simply exhibited indolence and slumber over his right.
34.The application has no merit and the same is dismissed with costs to the respondent.
35.Orders accordingly.
DATED, SIGNED AND DELIVERED VIRTUALLY THIS 30TH DAY OF MARCH 2023..................................MUMBUA T MATHEKAJUDGE CA JenniferGekong’a & Company Advocates,Email:gekongacoadvocates@gmail.comE.M. Juma & Ombui Advocates,
