REPUBLIC OF KENYA

IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND LAND COURT

AT THIKA

THIKA LAW COURTS

ELC CASE NO.112 OF 2017(OS)

GRACE NJERI THENDU......................................1^ST APPLICANT

AYUB MUCHERU KAMAU..................................2^ND APPLICANT

-VERSUS-

SIMON KIMANI KARUGIRO...............................1^ST RESPONDENT

DAVID MANJAI WANJIKU................................2^ND RESPONDENT

ESTATE OF DANIED KAROKI KARUGIRO.......3^RD RESPONDENT

RULING

The Applicants herein filed an Originating Summons dated 8^th February 2017, and sought for the following orders against the Respondents:-

1) A declaration that the Applicants herein are entitled to all that parcel of land known as Githunguri/Kimathi/847 measuring 50 by 100 acres or thereabout, being the bonafide purchasers for value.

2) An order that the 1^st and 2^nd Respondents do cease from further interfering with Githunguri/Kimathi/847.

3) An order that the Land Registrar, Kiambu be compelled to cancel the title deed issued to the 2^nd and 3^rd Respondents and to register Githunguri/Kimathi/847 in the Applicant’s name.

4) Cost of this suit be provided for.

Further on 25^th April 2017, the Applicants filed a Notice of Motion even dated and sought for these orders;-

1) Spent.

2) Spent.

3) The Defendants/Respondents herein by themselves, their agents and/or anyone acting through their authority be restrained from entering, taking possession, selling, transferring, alienating or in any other way interfering with land title No.Githunguri/Komothai/847, measuring 50 by 100 acres pending the hearing and determination of this suit.

4) The Honourable Court be pleased to cause transfer of the suit to the Principal Magistrate’s Court at Githunguri for hearing and determination.

5) That the costs of this application be provided by the Defendant.

The application is premised on the grounds states on the face of the application and on the Supporting Affidavit of Grace Njeri Thendu, the 1^st Applicant herein.  These grounds are:-

1) That the Applicants jointly own all that property known as Githunguri/Kimathi/847, measuring 50 by 100 acres.

2) That the Applicants purchased the suit property form the 1^st and 3^rd Respondents at Kshs.950,000/=.

3) That at the time of execution of the sale agreement, the Plaintiffs paid Kshs.650,000/= and the balance of Kshs.300,000/= was to be paid after the 1^st and 3^rd Respondents (deceased) had obtained consent from the Land Control Board.

4) That after payment of the deposit, the Applicants were shown the parcel of land and consequently fenced the same.

5) That the 3^rd Respondent passed on before they could obtain consent from Land Control Board and effect transfer.

6) That the 1^st Respondent is now threatening to sell the suit property to the 2^nd Respondent and has actually restrained the Applicants from accessing the property.

7) That the suit property herein is situated in Githunguri.

8) That the Principal Magistrate’s Court at Githunguri is vested with both territorial and pecuniary jurisdiction to hear and determine the suit herein.

9) That the Respondents have no right to take possession, alienate and/or dispose off the suit property as the Applicants are the bonafide owners.

In her Supporting Affidavit, Grace Njeri Thendu, reiterated the contents of the grounds in support of the application and further averred that together with the 2^nd Applicant, they are the bonafide owners of all that property known as Githunguri/Kimathi/847, having purchased the same from the 1^st and 3^rd Respondents on 2^nd June 2016 for a sum of Kshs.950,000/=.  She also averred that the balance of Kshs.300,000/= was to be paid upon obtaining the Land Control Board consent.  It was her contention that after executing the Sale Agreement, the Surveyor was appointed and he marked the boundaries accordingly and the Applicants fenced the land off awaiting the Land Control Board’s Consent and transfer of the same to their names.  However, the 3^rd Respondent passed on in January 2017, before the process of transfer was concluded and the 1^st Respondent has issued them with threats to vacate the suit premises. Further, that the 1^st Respondent has ganged up with the 2^nd Respondent who is a potential buyer and that the action of the 1^st Respondent is fraudulent.  She also averred that the suit property is situated in Githunguri with the value of Kshs.950,000/= and therefore the Principal Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter.  That it is in the interest of justice and fairness that this suit be transferred to Githunguri Principal Magistrate’s Court for hearing and determination and for the same property to be preserved by an order of this Court.

The application is contested.  The 1^st Respondent Simon Kimani Karugiro filed a Replying Affidavit on 29^th June 2017, and denied that the Applicants are bonafide owners of the sit property as they breached the contract which was for purchase of a portion of Githunguri/Kimathi/ 847.  Further that the Applicants never took possession of the suit land and that Githunguri/Kimathi/847, is not in existence anymore as the same was distributed to the beneficiaries of the estate of their late mother as per the Certificate of Confirmation of Grant dated 28^th June 2016, SKK-1.  He contended that the Applicants did not purchase the whole of the 3^rd Respondent’s portion of land but they purchased a plot to be excised out of LR.No.Githunguri/Kimathi/847.  He further contended that the Applicants should pursue the 3^rd Respondent for a refund of their purchase price and he urged the Court to dismiss the Applicants’ instant Notice of Motion.

The 2^nd Respondent, David Manjai Wanjiku also filed a Replying Affidavit on 10^th May 2017, and averred that the purchased plot measuring 50 x 100 to be excised from split of Plot K measuring 0.009 Hectares from one Daniel Karoki Karugiro, which was a plot to be excised from Githunguri/Kimathi/847 for a consideration of Kshs.900,000/=.  The Sale Agreement to that effect is dated 14^th September 2016, DMW-1.  He also alleged that he bought the property from Daniel Karoki Karugiro who was a beneficiary of the Estate of Grace Njeri Karugiro and the 1^st Respondent was the administrator of the said Estate.  He deposed that he was later issued with a title deed for the land parcel No.Githunguri/Kimathi/2237, which was jointly registered in his name and that of Daniel Karoki Karugiro as per the title deed marked DMW-3 issued on 14^th October 2016.  However as he was in the process of having the said land parcel No.Githunguri/Kimathi/ 2237, subdivided in order for him to have a separate title, the 3^rd Respondent who was a co-owner passed away in January 2017, before the process was finalized.Therefore the Applicants have no claim over Githunguri/Kimathi/2237, as they were to get their portion which was to be excised from the entire Githunguri/Kimathi/847.  He also urged the Court not to transfer this suit to Githunguri Law Courts and also asked the Court to dismiss the instant application with costs.

This Notice of Motion was canvassed by way of written submissions which the Court has carefully read and considered.  The Court has also considered the pleadings in general, the written submissions and the relevant provisions of law and it renders itself as follows;-

There is no doubt that land parcel No.Githunguri/Kimathi/847 was initially registered in the name of Grace Njeri Karugiro (deceased) as is evident from the Certificate of Confirmation of Grant, marked SKK-1.  There is also no doubt that Simon Kimani Karugiro was the administrator of the Estate of the said Grace Njeri Karugiro.  It is also evident that the suit property was distributed to various beneficiaries as per the Certificate of Confirmation of Grant.  One of the beneficiaries of the said estate was Daniel Karoki Karugiro, who has been sued as the 3^rd Respondent herein.

The 2^nd Respondent alleged that he purchased a portion of land measuring 50 x 100ft from the said Daniel Karoki Karugiro, and after the distribution of the estate of Grace Njeri Karugiro, the share of the said Daniel Karoki Karugiro measuring 0.0900 Hectares was registered in the joint names of Daniel Karoki Karugiro and the 2^nd Respondent as is evident from DMW-3, title deed issued on 14^th October 2016.Therefore after the distribution of the said estate and subdivision of land parcel No.Githunguri/Kimathi/847, to various beneficiaries of the estate of Grace Njeri Karugiro, the said land parcel No.Githunguri/

Kimathi/847 ceased to exist. 

The Applicants have alleged that they purchased a portion of land measuring 50 x 100 from Daniel Karoki Karugiro, which was to be excised from the larger Githunguri/Kimathi/ 847.  However, that the said Daniel Karoki Karugiro died before transferring the purchased portion to the Applicants and now the 1^st Respondent has threatened to evict the Applicants and thus this suit.

The Applicants have sought for injunctive order which is an equitable relief granted at the discretion of the court.  However, the said discretion must be exercised judicially. See the case of Nyutu & Others…Vs…Gatheru & Others (1990) KLR 554, where the Court held that:-

“Whether or not to grant an injunction is in the discretion of the Court and the discretion is a free one but must be judicially exercised.  It must be based on common sense and legal principles.”

Further, as the Court embarks on determining whether to grant the orders sought or not, it will take into account that at this juncture, it is not called upon to determine the disputed facts with finality.  The Court is only called upon to determine whether the Applicants have met the criteria for grant of injunctive orders. See the case of Edwin Kamau Muniu..Vs..Barclays Bank of Kenya Ltd Nairobi HCCC No. 1118 of 2002, where the court held that:

“In an Interlocutory application, the Court is not required to determine the very issues which will be canvassed at the trial with finality. All the Court is entitled at that stage is whether the Applicant is entitled to an Injunction sought on the usual criteria….”

The criteria that will guide the court is the one laid down in the case of Giella…Vs…Cassman Brown & Co. Ltd 1973, EA 358.  These criterias are:

a) The Applicant must establish that he has a prima facie case with probability of success.

b)  That the Applicant will suffer irreparable loss which cannot be adequately compensated in any way or by an award of damages.

c)  When the Court is in doubt, to decide the case on a balance of convenience.

Therefore this Court will now consider the available evidence, and then juxtapose the same with the above stated criteria to arrive at a finding of whether the Applicants’ are deserving of the orders sought or not.   

First the Applicants needed to establish that they have a prima-facie case with probability of success at the trial.  Prima-facie was described in the case of Mrao Ltd…Vs…First American Bank of Kenya Ltd & 2 Others 2003 KLR 125, as:-

“so what is a prima facie case------ In civil cases it is a case which on the material  presented to the Court or a tribunal properly directing itself will conclude that there  exist a right which has apparently been infringed by the opposite party so as to call for an explanation or rebuttal from the latter”

The Applicants have alleged that they own the suit property Githunguri/ Kimathi/847, having purchased the same from the 1^st and 3^rd Respondents.  However from the Sale Agreement dated 21^st June 2016, the Applicants purchased a portion of land measuring 50 x 100 from the 1^st and 3^rd Respondents which was to be excised from Githunguri/ Kimathi/847.  The Applicants therefore did not purchase the whole of Githunguri/Kimathi/847, and they can certainly not be the owners of the above stated parcel of land.

Further the Applicants purchased a portion of land measuring 50 x 100 from Daniel Karoki Karugiro and 1^st Respondent which was to be excised from Githunguri/Kimathi/847, before it was distributed to the beneficiaries of the estate of Grace Njeri Karugiro.  It is evident that the said distribution was done on 28^th June 2016 as per the Certificate of Confirmation of Grant, SKK-1 and therefore land parcel No.Githunguri/ Kimathi/847, which the Applicants are claiming ceased to exist.  If the Applicants have any claim, it is against the portion of land owned by 1^st Respondent or 3^rd Respondent after distribution of the estate of Grace Njeri Karugiro. The Applicants cannot seek to injunct what is not in existence.  The Court finds that injunction cannot issue against an event that has already occurred or overtaken by events. See the case of Jane Kemunto Mayaka….Vs…Municipal Council of Nakuru & Others, HCCC No.124 of 2005, where the Court held that:-

“Injunctions are issued to prevent the occurrence of an event that has not occurred or that is threatened to occur that would likely injure the Applicant and are not issued where such an event has taken place…..”

Therefore the Court finds that the Applicants herein have not established that they have a prima-facie case with probability of success.

Having found that the Applicants have not established a prima-facie case with probability of success, this Court finds no reasons to consider the other principles laid down in Giella…Vs…Cassman Brown (supra) as the said principles are considered sequentially.  See the case of Kenya Commercial Finance Co. Limited..Vs.. Afraha Education Society (2001) 1EA 87, where the court held that”-

“The conditions in the case of Giella ..Vs.. Cassman Brown  for granting of  temporary injunction are sequential so that the second condition can only be addressed if the first one is satisfied and when the Court is in doubt, then the third condition can be addressed.”

The Applicants also sought for an order of transfer of this suit to Githunguri Principal Magistrate’s Court.  The Court has considered the value of the suit property which is Kshs.950,000/=.  The suit property is situated in Githunguri.  The Court of Appeal in Civil Appeal No.287 of 2016 determined that the Magistrates Courts have jurisdiction to hear and determine land matters according to their respective pecuniary jurisdiction.  Further as provided by Section 18(1) of the Civil Procedure Act, the Court has power to transfer a matter pending before it to the Subordinate Court for trial and determination.

Accordingly, the Court finds that the Principal Magistrate’s Court, Githunguri has pecuniary jurisdiction to hear and determine this suit.  Consequently, the Court allows the application for transfer of this suit to Githunguri Principal Magistrate’s Court but declines to grant any order for injunction.

Having carefully considered the Notice of Motion dated 25^th April 2017, the Court finds it not merited in terms of prayer No.3 and the said prayer is dismissed entirely.  However, the Court allows prayer No.4 of the instant Notice of Motion and directs that this suit be transferred to Principal Magistrate’s Court, Githunguri forthwith for hearing and determination. Costs of the application shall be in the cause.

It is so ordered.

Dated, Signed and Delivered at Thika this 13^th day of April 2018.

L. GACHERU

JUDGE

In the presence of

Mr. Maina holding brief for Mr. Gikenye for   1^st Applicant

2^nd Applicant

No appearance for 1^st Respondent

No appearance for 2^nd Respondent

No appearance for 3^rd Respondent

Lucy  - Court clerk.

L. GACHERU

JUDGE

Court – Ruling read in open court in the presence of the above stated advocate.

L. GACHERU

JUDGE

13/4/2018